About the Park

Hydrology

Water originating in the major rivers of the Park is a vital resource and one of the most important primary hydrologic sources for the region. The four sub-watersheds (the Tirthan, Sainj, Jiwa Nal, and Parvati) get their water from glaciers as well as runoff from the forests of the GHNP. Apparently, the glaciers at the headwaters are the main origin of rivers of the Park. However, the thick forests of the major oak types contribute to the continuity of the regional hydrologic cycle and help maintain water quality for tens of millions of people living on the plains of India below. Many perennial streams and waterfalls of GHNP add water to the main rivers of the Park. The cold waters of these rivers harbour a large diversity of aquatic fauna (yet to be studied) prior to their control by developmental agencies (hydro-electric power, etc.) outside the Park. Thus, in terms of contribution to and maintenance of a consistent water flow regime, the Park is vitally important for the regions downstream.